; ; ; "ActiveFedora::Aggregation::ListSource" . a , ; "Capital Allocation and Productivity in South Europe"; ; "batchuser@example.com"; "Kalemli-Özcan, Şebnem", "Gopinath, Gita, 1971-", "Villegas-Sanchez, Carolina", "Karabarbounis, Loukas"; "Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis"; "Europe", "Misallocation", "Dispersion", "Productivity", "Capital flows"; "E22 - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity", "F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics", "D24 - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity", "O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence", "O16 - Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance"; "Starting in the early 1990s, countries in southern Europe experienced low productivity growth alongside declining real interest rates. We use data for manufacturing firms in Spain between 1999 and 2012 to document a significant increase in the dispersion of the return to capital across firms, a stable dispersion of the return to labor, and a significant increase in productivity losses from capital misallocation over time. We develop a model with size-dependent financial frictions that is consistent with important aspects of firms’ behavior in production and balance sheet data. We illustrate how the decline in the real interest rate, often attributed to the euro convergence process, leads to a significant decline in sectoral total factor productivity as capital inflows are misallocated toward firms that have higher net worth but are not necessarily more productive. We show that similar trends in dispersion and productivity losses are observed in Italy and Portugal but not in Germany, France, and Norway. "^^; "2017-02-23"; "2019-05-20T18:25:39.593710258+00:00"^^; "https://doi.org/10.21034/wp.728"; ; "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"; "2019-11-01T16:16:43.092332221+00:00"^^; "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"; "Research Paper"; "387", "383", "283", "817"; "Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department)"; "728"; "Misallocation", "Europe", "Productivity", "Capital flows", "Dispersion"; ; ; ; ; "Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department"; "Published in _The Quarterly Journal of Economics_ (Vol. 132, No. 4, November 2017, 1915-1967), https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx024."^^; ; "Publication" . ; .