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F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems
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Creator: Kehoe, Patrick J. Series: Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Dept.) Number: 246 Keyword: Brazil, Argentina, Latin American debt, External debt, International debt, International credit markets, Venezuela, Mexico, Contract theory, and Peru Subject: H63 - National budget, deficit, and debt - Debt ; Debt management, F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems, and H87 - Miscellaneous issues - International fiscal issues ; International public goods -
Creator: Atkeson, Andrew. Series: Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Dept.) Number: 381 Abstract: This paper examines the optimal debt contract between lenders and a sovereign borrower when the borrower is free to repudiate the debt and when his decision to invest or consume borrowed funds is unobservable. We show that recurrent debt crises are a necessary part of the incentive structure which supports the optimal pattern of lending. Keyword: Credit market, Foreign lending, International capital, International debt, International loans, Risk, Optimal debt contract, Debt crisis, and Moral hazard Subject: F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems -
Creator: Boyd, John H. and Smith, Bruce D., d. 2002. Series: Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Dept.) Number: 522 Abstract: We consider a two country growth model with international capital markets. These markets fund capital investment in both countries, and operate subject to a costly state verification (CSV) problem. Investors in each country require some external finance, but also provide internal finance, which mitigates the CSV problem. When two identical (except for their initial capital stocks) economies are closed, they necessarily converge monotonically to the same steady state output level. Unrestricted international financial trade precludes otherwise identical economies from converging, and poor countries are necessarily net lenders to rich countries. Oscillation in real activity and international capital flows can occur. Keyword: CSV, International lending, Capital investment, Credit rationing, International capital markets, Credit, Costly state verification, Closed economy, and Open economy Subject: O16 - Economic development - Financial markets ; Saving and capital investment ; Corporate finance and governance and F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems -
Creator: Cole, Harold Linh, 1957- and Kehoe, Patrick J. Series: Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Dept.) Number: 534 Keyword: Loans and Debt Subject: F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems and E61 - Macroeconomic policy, macroeconomic aspects of public finance, and general outlook - Policy objectives ; Policy designs and consistency ; Policy coordination -
Creator: Da-Rocha, Jose-Maria., Giménez Fernández, Eduardo Luís., and Lores Insua, Francisco Xavier. Series: Advances in dynamic economics Abstract: In this paper we will consider a simple small open economy with three assets - domestic capital, foreign securities and public debt - to study the government's incentives to devalue and to repay or default the debt. We show that the announcement of a devaluation is anticipated by domestic agents who reduce domestic investments and increase foreign holdings. Once a government devalues, the expectations vanish and the economy recovers its past levels of investment and GDP. However, in a country with international debt denominated in US dollars if a government devalues it requires a higher fraction of GDP to repay its external debt. In consequence, there exists a trade-off between recovering the economy and increasing the future cost of repaying the debt. Our main result is to show that, as devaluation beliefs exists, a devaluation increase government incentives to default and devalue. We calibrate our model to match the decrease in investment of domestic capital, the reduction in production, the increase in trade balance surplus, and the increase in debt levels observed throughout 2001 in Argentina. We show that for a probability of devaluation consistent with the risk premium of the Argentinian Government bonds nominated in dollars issued on April 2001 the external debt of Argentina was in a crisis zone were the government find optimal to default and to devalue. Keyword: South America, Default, Argentina, Latin America, Devaluation, and Debt crisis Subject: F30 - International finance - General, E60 - Macroeconomic policy, macroeconomic aspects of public finance, and general outlook - General, and F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems -
Creator: Cole, Harold Linh, 1957-, Dow, James, 1961 -, and English, William B. (William Berkeley), 1960- Series: International perspectives on debt, growth, and business cycles Abstract: We consider a model of international sovereign debt where repayment is enforced because defaulting nations lose their reputation and consequently, are excluded from international capital markets. Underlying the analysis of reputation is the hypothesis that borrowing countries have different, unobservable, attitudes towards the future. Some regimes are relatively myopic, while others are willing to make sacrifices to preserve their access to debt markets. Nations' preferences, while unobservable, are not fixed but evolve over time according to a Markov process. We make two main points. First we argue that in models of sovereign debt the length of the punishment interval that follows a default should be based on economic factors rather than being chosen arbitrarily. In our model, the length of the most natural punishment interval depends primarily on the preference parameters. Second, we point out that there is a more direct way for governments to regain their reputation. By offering to partially repay loans in default, a government can signal its reliability. This type of signaling can cause punishment interval equilibria to break down. We examine the historical record on lending resumption to argue that in almost all cases, some kind of partial repayment was made. Subject: H63 - National budget, deficit, and debt - Debt ; Debt management and F34 - International finance - International lending and debt problems