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Search Results
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.8 no.40 Description: Includes special article: "Beef Cattle Situation Suggests Caution" and "Retail Credit Stabilized, Survey Shows"
Also includes titles: "Bumper Winter Wheat Crop in Prospect", "Quota for Individuals Half of Bond Goal", and "Construction Activity in Gradual Rise"
Subject (JEL): N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
Creator: Amaral, Pedro and MacGee, James C. Description: Chapter 4 of Great Depressions of the Twentieth Century, Timothy J. Kehoe and Edward C. Prescott, eds.
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.12 no.2 Description: On inside pages: Electric Power, Cattle Numbers, Shopping Centers, and Current Topics
Subject (JEL): N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, and N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- -
Creator: Santos, Manuel and Vigo-Aguiar, J. (Jesús) Series: Discussion paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics) Number: 107 Abstract: In this paper we develop a discretized version of the dynamic programming algorithm and derive error bounds for the approximate value and policy functions. We show that under the proposed scheme the computed value function converges quadratically to the true value function and the computed policy function converges linearly, as the mesh size of the discretization converges to zero. Moreover, the constants involved in these orders of convergence can be computed in terms of primitive data of the model. We also discuss several aspects of the implementation of our methods, and present numerical results for some commonly studied macroeconomic models.
Subject (JEL): C63 - Computational Techniques; Simulation Modeling and C61 - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.7 no.273 Description: Includes "District Summary of Banking", "District Summary of Agriculture", "District Summary of Business", and "Summary of National Business Conditions"
Subject (JEL): Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.15 no.5 Description: Includes title: "Agricultural experts and the Seaway"
Subject (JEL): R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.10 no.26 Description: Includes titles: "Grassland Farming Can Mean More Meat and Dairy Products", "Banking Improved earnings in the Ninth Reserve District in 1951", and "Non-Ferrous Metal Mining Important in Ninth District"
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), and Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts -
Creator: Armitage, Peter; Ng, Cho; and Young, Peter C., 1939- Series: Discussion paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics) Number: 008 Abstract: The paper discusses a new, fully recursive approach to the adaptive modeling, forecasting and seasonal adjustment of nonstationary economic time-series. The procedure is based around a time variable parameter (TVP) version of the well known “component” or “structural” model. It employs a novel method of sequential spectral decomposition (SSD), based on recursive state-space smoothing, to decompose the series into a number of quasi-orthogonal components. This SSD procedure can be considered as a complete approach to the problem of model identification and estimation, or it can be used as a first step in maximum likelihood estimation. Finally, the paper illustrates the overall adaptive approach by considering a practical example of a UK unemployment series which exhibits marked nonstationarity caused by various economic factors.
Subject (JEL): C51 - Model Construction and Estimation and C52 - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.8 no.42 Description: Includes special article: "Income from Livestock Tops Grain in Ninth" and other titles: "Crop Prospects Good Despite Cold Spring", "Reconversion as Yet Poses Few Problems", and "Seventh War Loan Affects Deposit Situation"
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts -
Creator: Kocherlakota, Narayana Rao, 1963- Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 22, No. 3 Abstract: This article argues that fiat money’s only technological role in an economy is to act as societal memory: money allows people to credibly record some aspects of their transactions and make that record accessible to other people. This record-keeping role is demonstrated in the three standard paradigms of fiat money: the overlapping generations, turnpike, and search models. In these models, if a new economy is created by removing the money and replacing it only with a historical record of all transactions, known to everyone in the economy, then the original monetary allocation is still achievable as an equilibrium.
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Creator: Miller, Preston J. Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 15, No. 2 -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.7 no.272 Description: Includes "District Summary of Banking", "District Summary of Agriculture", "District Summary of Business", and "Summary of National Business Conditions"
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.12 no.22 Description: Note: missing cover page
Subject (JEL): Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), and N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- -
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Creator: Wallace, Neil Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 20, No. 1 Abstract: A version of the Diamond-Dybvig model of banking is used to evaluate the narrow banking proposal, the idea that banks should be required to back demand deposits entirely by safe short-term assets. It is shown that the mere existence of an amount of safe short-term assets outside the banking system that exceeds banking system liabilities does not make the proposal either innocuous or desirable. In fact, despite such existence, using narrow banking to cope with banking system illiquidity eliminates the role of the banking system.
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.13 no.21 Description: Includes title: "Economy slants upward"
Subject (JEL): R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts -
Creator: Granger, C.W.J. (Clive William John), 1934-2009 and Uhlig, Harald, 1961- Series: Discussion paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics) Number: 002 Abstract: Leamer (1983) suggested to study the range of estimators β˅0 in the model y=Xβ + δ when imposing linear constraints of the form M (Cβ - c) = 0 where only C and c are fixed. However the extremes may come from models with a bad R^2, say. In this paper we give the exact bounds when only considering models with R^2 ≥ (1 - δ) R^2 max + δR^2 min. These exact bounds can be found from calculating only two regressions. We apply our techniques to study the velocity of money.
Keyword: Linear restrictions, Generalized least squares, Velocity of money, and Extreme bounds analysis Subject (JEL): C11 - Bayesian Analysis: General, C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models, and E51 - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.19 no.2 Description: Includes title: "The anatomy of innkeeping"
Subject (JEL): N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: no. 58 Description: Covers conditions in November, 1919.
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.13 no.20 Description: Includes title: "Bumper crops aid economic recovery"
Subject (JEL): Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, and N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- -
Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: no. 36 Description: Covers conditions in January 1918.
Subject (JEL): R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) and N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- -
Creator: Green, Edward J. and Todd, Richard M. Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 25, No. 1 Abstract: This essay concerns how the Federal Reserve’s role as a payment services provider can best be aligned with its broad mission to foster the integrity, efficiency, and accessibility of the U.S. payments system. A recommended strategy involves specialization in providing services where the central bank has a comparative advantage—notably, services directly related to providing a comprehensive, secure system of accounts for interbank settlement and potentially some additional services justified by economies of scope. If markets for other payment services evolve as expected, the recommended strategy would have the Fed generally rely on means other than direct service provision to help ensure that services are provided effectively and equitably. Several specific implications of this strategy are suggested.
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Creator: Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro and Wright, Randall, 1956- Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 16, No. 3 Abstract: This essay explains the use of fiat money, or why intrinsically useless objects are accepted as payment in transactions. People accept a particular object as a means of payment because others do: social conventions matter more than the intrinsic characteristics of the object itself. Not everything can become a fiat money, though. If an object is especially costly to hold, for example, it will not be accepted as a means of payment. This explanation of fiat money is illustrated in a simple theoretical economic model.
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Creator: Chari, V. V. Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 23, No. 2 Abstract: In 1995, Robert E. Lucas, Jr., was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. This review places Lucas’ work in a historical context and evaluates the effect of this work on the economics profession. Lucas’ central contribution is that he developed and applied economic theory to answer substantive questions in macroeconomics. Economists today routinely analyze systems in which agents operate in complex probabilistic environments to understand interactions about which the great theorists of an earlier generation could only speculate. This sea change is due primarily to Lucas.
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.17 no.11 Description: Includes title: "Petroleum exploration and production in the Ninth district"
Subject (JEL): N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data), and Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts -
Creator: Quah, Danny and Sargent, Thomas J. Series: Discussion paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics) Number: 077 Abstract: This paper shows how standard methods can be used to formulate and estimate a dynamic index model for random fields—stochastic processes indexed by time and cross section where the time-series and cross-section dimensions are comparable in magnitude. We use these to study dynamic comovements of sectoral employment in the U.S. economy. The dynamics of employment in sixty sectors is well explained using only two unobservable factors; those factors are also strongly correlated with GNP growth.
Subject (JEL): E27 - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications -
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Creator: Cole, Harold Linh, 1957-; Ohanian, Lee E.; Riascos, Alvaro; and Schmitz, James Andrew Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 30, No. 1 Abstract: Latin American countries are the only Western countries that are poor and that aren’t gaining ground on the United States. This article evaluates why Latin America has not replicated Western economic success. We find that this failure is primarily due to total factor productivity (TFP) differences. Latin America’s TFP gap is not plausibly accounted for by human capital differences, but rather reflects inefficient production. We argue that competitive barriers are a promising channel for understanding low Latin TFP. We document that Latin America has many more international and domestic competitive barriers than do Western and successful East Asian countries. We also document a number of microeconomic cases in Latin America in which large reductions in competitive barriers increase productivity to Western levels.
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: no. 30 Description: Covers conditions in July 1917.
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
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Creator: Hansen, Gary D. (Gary Duane) and Prescott, Edward C. Series: Discussion paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics) Number: 036 Subject (JEL): C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models and E32 - Business Fluctuations; Cycles -
Creator: Braun, R. Anton; Mukherji, Arijit; and Runkle, David Edward Series: Quarterly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: Vol. 20, No. 4 Abstract: This article documents a delay in the public release of Mexican international reserve data in the months before Mexico's debt crisis at the end of 1994. The article establishes that in that year investors did not know the level of Mexican reserves before October; yet this lack of information did not seem to reduce investor confidence in the Mexican economy. The article does not establish whether the delay in releasing reserve data was due to logistical problems or to a government strategy. The possibility that the delay was strategic is evaluated by developing an economic model that captures some of the principal constraints facing the Mexican government in 1994 and that makes explicit the conflicting objectives of the government and investors. The model shows that in such an environment with private information, strategic delay can occur in equilibrium if investors are uncertain about the cause of the delay.
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Series: Monthly review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Research Department) Number: vol.13 no.6 Description: Note: cover page missing
Subject (JEL): N52 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, N22 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913-, Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts, and R10 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) -
Ninth District Quarterly
Collection
Description: The Ninth District Quarterly was a quarterly publication focused initially on reporting economic conditions of the District and grew to include policy research. Published from 1974-1977, the Ninth District Quarterly replaced the publication Ninth District Conditions and was replaced by the Quarterly Review.
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Ninth District Conditions
Collection
Description: Ninth District Conditions was a monthly release of regional economic data and statistics. It replaced the Monthly Review in 1967 and was replaced by the Ninth District Quarterly in 1974.
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Monthly Review 1960-1966
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review 1950-1959
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review 1940-1949
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review 1930-1939
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review 1920-1929
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review 1910-1919
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Monthly Review
Collection
Description: The Monthly Review was a summary of economic conditions in the Ninth District. It was published from 1915-1966. The Monthly Review was replaced by the series Ninth District Conditions.
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Quarterly Review
CollectionDescription: The Quarterly Review, or QR, is the Research Division's peer-reviewed scholarly journal. It presents economic research aimed at improving policymaking by the Federal Reserve System and other governmental authorities. As of 2012, the Quarterly Review became an online-only journal.
Quarterly Review articles that are reprints or revisions of papers published elsewhere may not be reprinted without the written permission of the original publisher. All other Quarterly Review articles may be reprinted without charge. If you reprint an article, please fully credit the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis as well as the Quarterly Review.
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Description: Please note: this collection is the new home of the greatdepressionsbook.com website. Scroll down to see the accompanying data for each chapter of the book. The computer programs needed to calibrate the neoclassical growth model and then solve the model numerically, using data from Finland as an example, are included in the list of works but can also be found here.
The worldwide Great Depression of the 1930s was a watershed for both economic thought and economic policymaking. It led to the belief that market economies are inherently unstable and to the revolutionary work of John Maynard Keynes. Its impact on popular economic wisdom is still apparent today.
Great Depressions of the Twentieth Century, which uses a common framework to study sixteen depressions, from the interwar period in Europe and America as well as from more recent times in Japan and Latin America, challenges the Keynesian theory of depressions. It develops and uses a methodology for studying depressions that relies on growth accounting and the general equilibrium growth model.
Each chapter of the book is accompanied by a data file that contains all of the data used in the analysis. This collection also provides links to computer programs for applying the methodology.
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MF-VAR Forecast
Collection
Description: The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis is no longer maintaining a MF-VAR model. The June 3, 2016 forecast is the final update. Model documentation, files, and forecasts are available below.
The Minneapolis Mixed Frequency Vector Autoregression (MF-VAR) model of the U.S. economy is the most recent in a line of statistical forecasting models that began with research conducted at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis and the University of Minnesota in the 1970s and early 1980s. Rising computer power led to resurgent interest in these models in the 1990s, which in turn brought about improvements along several dimensions. The current model reflects many of these advances. A noteworthy feature of the model is that it combines data measured at both monthly and quarterly frequencies so that forecasts reflect up-to-date monthly information as it becomes available. Please note that the forecasts produced by the MF-VAR model do not represent official forecasts of the Minneapolis Fed, its president, the Federal Reserve System, or the FOMC.
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Research Department Artifacts
ArtifactDescription: This collection contains physical items and other non-published ephemera produced by the Minneapolis Fed's Research Department.
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Warren E. Weber Historical Data Archives
CollectionDescription: Warren Weber joined the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis in 1981 and served as senior research officer in the Research Department from 1989 to 2012, when he retired. Before joining the Bank, he taught economics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Tulane University and Duke University. He also has been an adjunct economics professor at the University of Minnesota. Warren's M.S. and Ph.D. degrees are from Carnegie-Mellon University. His research agenda focuses on monetary and banking theory and history, with particular emphasis on banking in the United States before 1861. Weber is currently a Visiting Scholar at the Bank of Canada and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta and a Visiting Professor at the University of South Carolina.
The Warren E. Weber Historical Data Archives consists of data collected by Weber while at the Minneapolis Fed including banknote discounts, disaggregated call reports, census of state banks, railroad stock prices, international data, and antebellum U.S. state bank balance sheets.
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Research Data
Collection
Description: A collection of data, code, tools and supplemental materials that accompany articles created by economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Files are given the same name as the corresponding paper’s title.
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State Mortgage Broker Regulation Data
CollectionDescription: The State Mortgage Broker Regulation Collection consists of a master data file and associated research documenting mortgage broker regulation in all 50 states. The data is provided here in Excel format, and is broken out by state or by year (1996-2006). Data were primarily collected by Cynthia Pahl for the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Resulting research was performed by Dick Todd and Morris Kleiner.
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Antebellum U.S. State Bank Balance Sheets
CollectionDescription: This data set consists of individual bank balance sheets for the antebellum period in the United States compiled from reports of state banking authorities. The data set is updated periodically. For each state, data are available in two forms. The worksheet “detailed” contains the data in as detailed a form as in the original source. In the worksheet “standardized”, data are presented in a consistent set of asset and liability categories for each bank.
In the compilation, individual asset and liability categories have been preserved as much as possible. The data have also been modified in two primary ways: •Where the original data have both differences between assets and liabilities for a given bank and corresponding differences in reported aggregated totals for individual asset/liability categories, the data have been changed to eliminate such differences. •Where the original data have obvious inaccuracies (e.g., capital of $100,000 for several years in a row and then $10,000 for one year), such inaccuracies have been corrected.
Note also that for many dates, aggregate totals for individual asset/liability categories do not match reported data, presumably due to calculation and other errors by the original compilers.
Some of the downloadable Excel files that follow use Pre-1900 dates that Excel does not natively handle.
The financial assistance of the Financial Services Research Group of the Federal Reserve System in compiling this data set is gratefully acknowledged.
Data compiled by Warren Weber.